By Claude Steiner PhD Fifty years ago Eric Berne invented Transactional Analysis (TA). From the beginning, TA, which is at once a theory of social and personal psychology, and a method of psychotherapy and education, ran into difficulties. This was because Berne expressed his theory not only in scientific terms, but also in terms of […]
September 2002
Apology; the Transactional Analysis of a fundamental exchange
By Claude Steiner PhD Abstract: One of the most important and difficult transactional options that are taught in Emotional Literacy Training is the Apology Transaction. A systematic analysis is presented of the elements constituting the complete apology transaction with examples. The article also serves as an example of what the author considers transactional analysis proper, […]


